Novel noninvasive quantification of penile corpus cavernosum lesions in hyperlipidemia-induced erectile dysfunction in rabbits by two-dimensional shear-wave elastography / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Structural alterations in fibroelastic components of the penile corpus cavernousum (CC) may impair its compliance, resulting in venous leakage and erectile dysfunction (ED). Our study evaluated the effectiveness of noninvasive two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2-D SWE) in quantifying penile CC lesions in rabbits with hyperlipidemia-induced ED. A total of 12 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. Six were fed a high-cholesterol diet containing 2% cholesterol and 8.5% lard for 10 weeks and the other six were fed normal diet as controls. We measured the shear-wave elastic quantitative (SWQ) value of penile CC by 2-D SWE. Erectile function was investigated by intracavernous injection of papaverine, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and the western blot analysis to determine the penile CC lesions. After 10 weeks, the SWQ values obtained from penile CC were remarkably higher in the high-cholesterol-fed compared with the control group, and the ΔICP (ICP plateau minus ICP baseline)/MAP (ICP: intracavernous pressure, MAP: mean arterial pressure) was markedly decreased. The IHC staining and western blot revealed extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in penile cavernous tissues, and the smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic transition was affected, as indicated by reduced alpha-smooth muscle actin and calponin-1 expression and increased phospho-myosin light chain20 (p-MLC20)/MLC20 and osteopontin expression. Hyperlipidemia resulted in ECM accumulation accompanied with SMC phenotypic transition in penile CC and impaired the erectile function eventually. These might, in turn, lead to variations in the SWQ values. It suggests that 2-D SWE may be a novel, noninvasive and effective approach that distinguishes penile CC lesions secondary to hyperlipidemia from normal.

A Novel Derivative of Panax Notoginseng Sapogenin and Its Antitumor Activity / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To research the derivatives of panax notoginseng sapogenins and their anti-tumor activities. Methods The ginsenosides Rg1 was treated with Smith degradation. The products were separated and purified by silica gel column chromatography. The structures of the products were determined by NMR spectra. The activity of anti-tumor cells of compound (1) and 1'-hydroxyethanedioxy PT was detected with CDC25B activity assay and fluorescence technique. Results 1'-hydroxyethanedioxy PT , 20 (s)-protopanaxatriol (PT), and 24, 25 - en-3β, 6 α-dihydroxy-12, 20-(1', 2'-isopropylidenedioxy) propanedioxy-dammarane (1) were isolated and identified. Conclusion Compound (1), named 1',2'-isopropylidenedioxy-propanedioxy-pro-panedioxy , is a novel derivative of panax notoginseng sapogenin with better inhibitory activity against CDC25B.

Huangjing Zanyu Capsule enhances sperm mitochondrial membrane potential in asthenozoospermia patients / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To observe the effect of Huangjing Zanyu Capsule (HZC) on sperm mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in asthenozoospermia patients.@*METHODS@#We assigned 70 asthenozoospermia patients to a treatment group (n = 39) and a control group (n = 31), the former treated with oral HZC at the dose of 4 capsules tid for 3 months while the latter left untreated. We obtained semen parameters from the patients and detected their sperm mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP) by JC-1 staining and flow cytometry before and after medication, followed by comparison between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The total effectiveness rate was 71.05% in the treatment group and natural pregnancy was achieved in 3 cases during the medication. A total of 35 patients in the treatment group and 30 controls completed all the laboratory examinations after a 3-month observation. Compared with the controls, the patients treated with HZC exhibited significant improvement after medication in MMP (variation value: ［1.19 ± 10.36］% vs ［20.28 ± 14.21］%, P <0.01), total sperm motility (variation value: ［3.46 ± 8.67］% vs ［20.68 ± 14.12］%, P <0.01), the percentage of progressively motile sperm (variation value: ［2.26 ± 8.29］% vs ［17.58 ± 12.73］%, P <0.01), and the percentage of morphologically normal sperm (variation value: ［0.23 ± 3.48］% vs ［3.37 ± 3.99］%, P <0.01). MMP was significantly correlated with total sperm motility (r = 0.69, P <0.01), progressive sperm motility (r = 0.75, P <0.01) and normal sperm morphology (r = 0.26, P <0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Huangjing Zanyu Capsule can enhance sperm mitochondrial membrane potential and sperm mitochondrial function, thus improving total sperm motility, progressive sperm motility and normal sperm morphology. It is safe and effective for the treatment of asthenospermia.

Update of the relationship between erectile dysfunction and endothelial function / 中华男科学杂志

Endothelial function plays a very important role in the process of erection. Erectile dysfunction (ED) and coronary artery disease (CAD) overlap in risk factors, aetiology and clinical outcomes. Endothelial dysfunction is considered to be their shared aetiological factor. There is growing evidence that patients presenting with ED should be investigated for CAD, even if with no symptoms of the problem. Earlier diagnosis of ED can facilitate prompt intervention, reduce long-term complications, especially the risk of CAD, and provide effective treatment for ED.

Tadalafil and patients preference in the treatment of erectile dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

ED treatment has changed fundamentally since phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5-I) came into clinical use. There are three kinds of PDE5-I available at present, Sildenafil, Vardenafil and Tadalafil. Tadalafil distinguishes from the other two by its uniquely long half-life, which lasts 17.5h, which a pharmacodynamic duration of 36h and not influenced by food and alcohol. Thus it may enable ED patients to accomplish a spontaneous intercourse without the need of prior preparation without, which can boost their confidence and self-esteem and, the most important, improve the relationship with their partner. To know patient preference counts quite a lot in optimizing the medication ED treatment.

Clinical analysis of 682 patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To study the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARA). Methods Clinical data from 682 patients with SARS were retrospectively analyzed. Results The patients ranged from 13 to 76 years old, 387 male and 295 female. A total of 356 patients (52.2) had a history of close contact with diagnosed SARS patients, and 113 (25.1%) had been to hospital ever. The most common symptom was fever (99.3%), followed by cough (44.4%), shortness of breath (12.2% ), diarrhea (8.9%). 596 patients (87.4%) had normal or decreased white blood cell counts. Serum ALT and CPK levels were elevated in 112 patients (16.4%)and 17 patients (2.5%) respectively. Infiltrates on chest radiography were seen in all patients, with 69.8% involved both lungs. Six patients (0.9%) died of SARS. Conclusion SARS is infectious. Hospital is an important place where SARS transmits. Fever, cough and infiltrative changes on chest radiography are mainly symptoms and signs.